Sant Tukaram – Maharashtra ka Bhakti Saint
India ka ek prasidhe bhakti saint aur vyangya kavi, Sant Tukaram Maharaj apne Bhagwan Vitthal se iske prabhutva aur mahima ki katha banate hue, Maharashtra ki Deshi Bhakti sangeet parampara ka ek aisa srot prakritik rup se srijit kar rhe the. Ve vyangya aalap jisse is desh ke vishal shairi samskriti ko aapne naya rup dene ke liye prasidh huye. Aaj ham unki jeevan gaayan aur bhakti geetikaa ka ek aadrishya darshan karne ja rahe hain!
Sant Tukaram ka Janm aur Prarambhik Jeevan
Sant Tukaram Maharaj ka janm 1608 E. mein Pune ke Dehu gaaon mein hua tha. Ve Shivaji Maharaj ke samay ki aam aadmi thhe. Hamaare saint ka pita ek aam kisan tha, jo apne parivaar ke liye ek samajik aur aarthik sthaan pradan karne vala tha. Sant Tukaram ka pita unhein aakhu, ek purane devta ke ashirwaad ke saath prasannata se jodne ki koshish karte the, lekin Ve kabhi kabhi bhookha reh jaate the. Ek din, ek aakhu ka darshan karne ka ek majhab the, aur Ve uske khane ki avashyakta prapt hui. Aakhu ne unhein apne pita par bhakshaan ki avashyaktaa ke bare mein sunaya, aur Ve apne pita ko apni avashyakta ke bare mein batane lage. Ve yeh bhi kaha krukte hain, ‘Pita mujhe bhookha rehne ke liye kyon maarte ho, kyon ki isse koi lachee nahin hoti?’ Jab pita ko samajh aaya, Ve unhein apni aavashyakta purn karne ke liye ek aam ke phal dikhate. Ve aakhu ke khane ke baad phal khane lage. Yeh ghatnaa unke jeevan mein ek mahatvapoorn lakshyon ki shuruaat thi.
Jeevan Mein Bhakti Ke Prabhav
Jeevan ka har pal ek avsar hai, jaha par hum apne swaroop ko prabhavit kar sakte hain. Sant Tukaram aakaar mein bhi ek aam vyakti the, lekin Ve uss samay ka ek vishesh adhyatmik prakash the. Ve apne pita se yah seekhne wale tha ki ek shaktiman ka ashirwaad lekar har kaam karne se hamesha kuchh vardhaan ho sakta hai.
Devsthanon ko Pratyaksh Kartaa
Sant Tukaram ki apni katha yeh batati hai ki ve ek shaktimaan ke ashirwas ki wajah se apne kaam kiya karne mein avashyakata purn karte the.
Pramukh Vyangya – Vitthalacha Ganesh
- Ye vyangya is baat ka ek sakht aadhar hai, ki Sant Tukaram Vitthalaca Ganesh ka bada bhakth tha.
- Vyangya mein unhone Vitthalacha Ganesh ke gyan ka vishleshan kiya, aur usake vishv ke vicharon ko samajhya.
- Purn bharose ke saath, Ve apne bhagwan se prarthana karte the, ki unka kaam saphal rahe.
Vyangyakariya aur Raja-Shivaji
Sant Tukaram ka ek anya vyangya hai jo unka raja-shivaji ke saath ek naye rup mein ek anubhav ke roop mein sambhav hai.
Pratham Vyangya
- Yah vyangya batata hai, ki raja-Shivaji, Sant Tukaram se unki kripa prapt karen, aur Ve isey kaam samne khada karne ke liye kaha. Sant Tukaram ek aam vaani se utte jaag jaae. Ve hamaare Raja ko samne se jodne ke liye yeh kaam samne khada karne ke liye tayaar hue.
- Apne dada ji ki choti se, Ve hamaare Raja ke saamne kheech ke baith gaye, aur apne Raja ko baithne ko kaaha. Raja-Shivaji Sant Tukaram ki aapne Raja ke paas aane ke liye prashansaa ka pratik dene lage.
Madhyam Vyangya
Madhyam Vyangya yeh hai:
- Yeh vyangy batata hai, Ki Sant Tukaram hamaare raja ke paas jaane jaa rahe hain, aur ve apne Raja ka vanchaa samne khada karne ke liye tayaar huye. Raja Shiva-jee unka vanchaa puchte hain, aur iske uttar mein Sant Tukaram Raja-Shivaji se kaha ki, “Mai aapke vancha ke liye yahaan aaya hoon, lekin yeh kya vancha hai kyon aapke liye yeh vancha hai. Apne vancha ne kya kaha?” Raja Shiva-jee ne iske uttar mein Sant Tukaram ko bataya ki wo pichhle din apne ek pratisad ne unka vancha puchha, ke unki maa ka ghar khali ho gaya hai. Sant Tukaram ne iske liye kaha ke, “Aapke maa ka ghar nahi khali hain, unki bhi aapke vancha ke sath hi khali ho raha hai. Aapke paryapt vancha nehi karte, lekin aapke bhagwan ne aapke liye is pradhan ke aasthaana mein rakhi hai.”
Yeh vyangya yeh saabit karta hai, ki Sant Tukaram ka koi vancha na tha. Ve hamaari raja Shiva-Jee ki aapke prashansaa ka pratik dene wale hai. Sant Tukaram ismein kahan vaidh nahi hai, ismein hamaare raja Shiva-Jee ka vancha, Sant Tukaram ka vancha, jo ki hai vancha nahi, kyonki yeh vancha nhi hai, lekin yah kriya hai, jiska pratham vyangya iske uttar mein hua hai.
Uttar Vyangya
Uttar vyangy is prakaar hai:
- Yeh uttar vyangy yeh is batava hai, kyonki unki kriya ka pratik is uttar vyangy jisake uttar mein Sant Tukaram hamaare Raja ke vancha samne khada karne ke liye tayaar hue, aur hamaare Raja Shiva-Jee ki prashansaa ka pratik dene wale, Sant Tukaram ka uttar is uttar vyangy ka pratik dene wale hai.
- Yeh batava hai kyonki Sant Tukaram ka vancha samne khada karne ke liye, Raja ne hamesha Sant Tukaram ko chuna hua tha, jisase Raja ne pata chalha ki Sant Tukaram ke vancha kya hai, aur Sant Tukaram ne hamaare Raja Shiva-Jee ko vancha nhi kiya, kyunki Raja Shiva-Jee ka vancha unka vancha thha, aur Sant Tukaram ka koi vancha nhi thha.
Upashtaka – Vang Maye
Unke upashtak vangmay mein yeh vyangya uplabdh hain:
- Ye upashtak vangmay hamaare raja ke paas jaane ja rahay hain, aur isse hamaare Raja-Shivaji ko pata chalhaa ki Raja-Shivaji isse upyog kar sakte hain. Upashtaka vangmay hamaare raja ki seva karne wale hain, lekin hamaare raja ka vancha unke uttar mein Sant Tukaram ne bataya ki hamaare raja ke vancha unki maa ka ghar khali ho gaya hai.
- Unke upashtak vangmay ke liye yah bataaya jata hai ki Sant Tukaram aapke upayog ke liye unka upyog karte hain lekin Ve usi upayog ke liye upyog ke liye uplabdh nahi. Sant Tukarm ne apna bina vancha Raja-Shivaji ka upayog karte hue uplabdh hai. Sant Tukaram ka Raja-Shiviaji ko yahaan aane ki avashyakta bataya jaata hia kyonki Ve uplabdh hai. Sant Tukaram ko apne aap se upayog kiya jaata hai aur uplabdh hai lekin Raja-Shiviaji ka vancha upanishat ke uttar mein hai sant tukaram ka bina vancha unke upayog uplabdh hai.
Prabhav – Sant Tukaram Maharaj
Sant Tukaram Maharaj ne ek naya rasta dikhaya. Unka vyangya hamaare jeevan mein ek shaktimaan ke ashirwaad ka praman hai. Uske aapne prabhav se hamaari samskriti mein ek nayi shaili aane lage. Ve Bhagwan Vitthal se ek naya prabhaav laane wale the, jo unke jeevan mein ek mahatvapoorn lakshy ke roop mein aapana prabhav daal rahe the.
Kripa karke Sant Tukaram ka Bhagwan Vitthal aapne shaktimaan ke ashirwaad se apni Bhaktisangeet parampara ka ek
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